Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation - Questions

Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation

































In one experiment, two spheres, one with a mass of 1kg and the other with a mass of 1000kg are separated by one meter and attract each other with a tiny force. If the spheres are then replaced by one with a mass of 3kg and one with a mass of 2000kg, still one meter apart, the force between the masses will be

(A) the same as in the first experiment.
(B) three times the force in the first experiment.
(C) twice the force in the first experiment.
(D) six times the force in the first experiment.


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In one experiment, two spheres, one with a mass of 1kg and the other with a mass of 1000kg are separated by one meter and attract each other with a tiny force. If the spheres are then replaced by one with a mass of 3kg and one with a mass of 2000kg, still one meter apart, the force between the masses will be

(A) the same as in the first experiment. --- No.

The force does depend on the masses.


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In one experiment, two spheres, one with a mass of 1kg and the other with a mass of 1000kg are separated by one meter and attract each other with a tiny force. If the spheres are then replaced by one with a mass of 3kg and one with a mass of 2000kg, still one meter apart, the force between the masses will be

(B) three times the force in the first experiment. --- No.

The force is proportional to the product of both masses.


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In one experiment, two spheres, one with a mass of 1kg and the other with a mass of 1000kg are separated by one meter and attract each other with a tiny force. If the spheres are then replaced by one with a mass of 3kg and one with a mass of 2000kg, still one meter apart, the force between the masses will be

(C) twice the force in the first experiment. --- No.

The force is proportional to the product of both masses.


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In one experiment, two spheres, one with a mass of 1kg and the other with a mass of 1000kg are separated by one meter and attract each other with a tiny force. If the spheres are then replaced by one with a mass of 3kg and one with a mass of 2000kg, still one meter apart, the force between the masses will be

(D) six times the force in the first experiment. --- Yes.

One mass increases by a factor of 3 while the other
increases by a factor of 2. 2 times 3 = 6.

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If our sun were to be compressed to the size of the earth --- a factor of 100 smaller in radius --- the weight of a 100kg object on its surface would

(A) decrease by a factor of 10,000.
(B) decrease by a factor of 100.
(C) increase by a factor of 100.
(D) increase by a factor of 10,000.


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If our sun were to be compressed to the size of the earth --- a factor of 100 smaller in radius --- the weight of a 100kg object on its surface would

(A) decrease by a factor of 10,000. --- No.

The distance to the center is smaller,
so the force is larger.

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If our sun were to be compressed to the size of the earth --- a factor of 100 smaller in radius --- the weight of a 100kg object on its surface would

(B) decrease by a factor of 100. --- No.

The distance to the center is smaller,
so the force is larger.

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If our sun were to be compressed to the size of the earth --- a factor of 100 smaller in radius --- the weight of a 100kg object on its surface would

(C) increase by a factor of 100. --- No.

The force is inversly proportional to
the square of the distance.

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If our sun were to be compressed to the size of the earth --- a factor of 100 smaller in radius --- the weight of a 100kg object on its surface would

(D) increase by a factor of 10,000. --- Yes.

The force increases by a factor of
100 times 100 --- by a factor of 10,000.

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The unification of our understanding of heavenly motions with the motions of earthly objects was achieved by

(A) Galileo. (B) Kepler.

(C) Halley. (D) Newton.


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The unification of our understanding of heavenly motions with the motions of earthly objects was achieved by

(A) Galileo. --- No.

He contributed to both
but treated them very differently.

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The unification of our understanding of heavenly motions with the motions of earthly objects was achieved by

(B) Kepler. --- No.

He was mainly concerned with the heavens.


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The unification of our understanding of heavenly motions with the motions of earthly objects was achieved by

(C) Halley. --- No.

He used it but did not achieve it.


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The unification of our understanding of heavenly motions with the motions of earthly objects was achieved by

(D) Newton. --- Yes.

His universal law of gravitation
applied everywhere.

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In comparison to Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion, Newton's theory of Universal Gravitation predicted

(A) exactly the same motions.
(B) almost the same motions but with corrections.
(C) a completely different set of motions.
(D) the same motions interpreted differently.


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In comparison to Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion, Newton's theory of Universal Gravitation predicted

(A) exactly the same motions. --- No.

The planets attract each other in Newton's Theory.


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In comparison to Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion, Newton's theory of Universal Gravitation predicted

(B) almost the same motions but with corrections. --- Yes.

The corrections are due to the planets
attracting each other.

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In comparison to Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion, Newton's theory of Universal Gravitation predicted

(C) a completely different set of motions. --- No.

The basic motions --- eliptical orbits, etc. --- are the same.


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In comparison to Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion, Newton's theory of Universal Gravitation predicted

(D) the same motions interpreted differently. --- No.

Actually the interpetation is just the same
but the motions are a little different.

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