POLI/INTL 105: Review Sheet Exam 3: Fall 2007

Bill Newmann

 

This exam is non-cumulative. Questions will refer only to items on this review sheet, to the lectures given since the second exam, and to the readings scheduled for the third exam as indicated on the syllabus.

The exam format will be the same as the previous exam – There will be 75 questions, but you will have two hours and 50 minutes to take the exam.

 

List of Terms: 

 

Theories of International Political Economy:

Questions:

what makes a nation wealthy?

            what is the proper role of government in economic activity?

*Economic Liberalism (called "internationalism" in Rourke):

*Adam Smith

*imports

*exports

*tariff

*quota

*non-tariff barriers

*Smith's criticism of tariffs and quotas

*Market forces

Invisible Hand

Division of Labor

Free Trade

*MNCs?

 

*Economic Nationalism (sometimes called Neo-Mercantilism)

Nationalist's views of free trade

Alexander Hamilton

*Industrial Power and National Power

National Power and Independence

Friedrich List

Mature industries vs. infant industries

*Protectionism

Free trade among equals

MNCs?

 

*Economic Structuralism

International economic division of labor

1. *Marxism

*Karl Marx and Fredrich Engels

*Exploitation

Workers Revolution

*Communism

*Lenin

*Imperialism

Command Economy

Soviet/Chinese Communism in practice

*MNC and international division of labor

 

2. *Dependency

*Colonialism/neo-colonialism

*EDC vs. LDC

ending dependency

capitalism, but with changes

*import substitution

*nationalization

debt

MNCs?

 

Northern/Industrial Economics

Importance of economic leadership

Driver of the world economy

Aspects of American Hegemony:

1.*Exchange Rates -- Bretton Woods

2.*General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

            *World Trade Organization

*goals

*functions and structures

3. *International Monetary Fund and Balance of Payments

            who contributes

            who receives

            conditionality

5. *World Bank -- IBRD

 

The Developing World:

Realities of Developing World

            Colonialism

            Wars for independence

            Infrastructure

Political Stability

* LDCs vs. EDCs

Attempts at creating wealth in the developing world

Failure of other approaches

*Failure of Group efforts

            *NIEO (New International Economic Order)

            *UNCTAD

            *G-77

            *OPEC

Success: East Asian Strategy

*Newly Industrializing Countries (Newly Industrialized Economies)

Four Tigers (Mini-Dragons)

Their strategy

            Japan as Model

            Government-business partnership

            Open up the economy to the world trading system

                        *Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)

            *Export Power

                        Export processing zones

            *Education/managerial skills

*acceptance of globalization

*China and India using this model

*Deng Xiaoping

*Manmohan Singh

How far China and India have to go: the huge poverty levels there

 

The Future:

*Some assumptions about the changes in the world economy

Importance changes in the world economy: (all of these are touched upon in Friedman)

1. *Collapse of USSR and Communism

            *Global consensus on capitalism

2. *Success of East Asian model

3. *Information/Technology Revolution

*Brainpower/transnationalism/globalization

4. US not in decline

5. *Regionalism:

*Each Bloc in terms of level of integration and political or economic character       

A. *North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

            *Western Hemispheric Free Trade Zone:

            *FTAA (Free Trade Area of the Americas)

B. *APEC       

C. *European Union

            *Maastricht Treaty

            *Institutional structure

 

Globalization

Pros and Cons of globalization (see the PPT slides)

Key controversies: (all of these are touched upon in Friedman)

*Rich get richer, poor stay poor?

*Cultural imperialism

*Loss of governmental power to control their economies

*Labor standards

*the environment

 

Terms from Friedman, The World Is Flat

*technology and globalization leveling the playing field (meaning of the world is flat)

*outsourcing to India

*how technology changes the nature of work

*a revolution in economics

*the aspect of speed – quickening the pace of change

*Flatteners:

1. *Tipping the scales away from authoritarian governments toward liberal-democracy (collapse of communism)

2. *The internet

3. *How products can be made anywhere now – location is less important

4. *”Self-organizing collaborative communities” – spontaneous cooperation through which people create things

5. *Outsourcing

6. *Offshoring

            *China’s role

7. *supply chaining

            *Wal-Mart (pros and cons)

8. *Insourcing

9.* Informing – the explosion of available information

10*The “steroids” digital, mobile, wireless

 

*Triple convergence

*multiple identity disorder

*Intellectual property

 

*Who does not benefit?

1. *Those who are too sick

2. *Those who are disempowered

3.*Those who are too frustrated

4. *Those who can’t get sources of energy

 

 

Human Rights:

*Land-Mine Treaty

Debate on Definitions of Human Rights

*1. Universal Morality

*Universal Declaration of Human Rights

2. Cultural Relativism

Singapore-style “democracy”

Religious-based human rights

Disagreements on:

Political freedoms

Religious freedom

Women’s rights

Agreement on economic freedoms

Four types of nation-states

1.     Liberal-democracies – the US

2.     Theocracies – Iran or Saudi Arabia

3.     Hard Authoritarian – North Korea, Soviet Union, China (1949-1976)

4.     Soft Authoritarian – Singapore, Russia today

 

Environment

*The acceptance of environmental issues as important ones on the global agenda

*Sustainable development

Recognition that this is a global issue

Recognition that this is an economic issue as well

Necessity of LDC and EDC cooperation to resolve them

LDC demands: If EDCs want us to develop in an environmentally sound manner, EDCs must pay for it

global consensus on environmental problems

lack of consensus on the solutions

            Divisions in the world (see PPT slide)

Present: EDCs cuase most of the pollution

Future: LDCs will

Irrelevance of sovereignty

Climate Change (global warming)

The problem

Who produces greenhouse gasses

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

Kyoto Treaty and controversy

Issues for December 2007

Global Environmental Facility

 

Health

How globalization eases the spread of disease (travel)

Global pandemics

The current problem

            Developing world

            EDC money, but LDC infections

            Spread of disease

Extent of AIDS in developing world

UN Global Fund for AIDS, TB, malaria

Health as an economic issue

Avian Flu