Fall 2016: POLI 308: Bill Newmann
Review Sheet 1
This
looks big, but don't worry. If you have
come to class and done all the reading, nothing here should be new to you.
Also, though there are a lot of terms,
obviously, not each one of them is the subject of an essay. These terms, in
order, are an outline of everything we've done so far. A group of them might be
the subject of an essay. Usually, you can't explain a single term without
referring to the terms next to it. So, really, if you can say one or two things
about each term and how it relates to the terms around it and fits into the
larger issues and concepts related to terrorism, you're doing fine. Some terms,
however, are filled with enough significance to be short
answers/identifications on the test (four or five sentences), but you'll be
able to figure out which ones.
Terms
with (*) in front of them may not have been included in the lectures, but were
discussed, at length, in the readings.
Please,
any questions, come to office hours or send me an email.
The
exam will be multiple choice (ugh).
Again, I’m sorry about that. Classes at the 300-level should be short
answer and essay, but I wouldn’t be able to grade anything because of my
surgery. So it’s multiple choice. The
final will be shot answer and essay.
Most importantly for this exam, the multiple choice questions will be
ones that I write. They are not designed to confuse you. They are designed to
see what you know and to make you think.
There will be 75 questions on the exam.
You will have the full class period for the exam (one hour and fifteen
minutes).
List of Terms: (Those terms preceded by an (*) are
found primarily in the readings)
Introduction to the Presidency
Methods of studying the presidency:
*Greenstein’s
keys to leadership
·
*public communication
·
*organizational capacity
·
*political skill
·
*policy vision
·
*cognitive style
·
*emotional intelligence
Two Key Issues
States, Congress, Presidency, Courts, Parties, People,
Bureaucracy, Media
Cycles of power -- strong and weak presidents
Constitution and Early Presidencies
Articles of Confederation and
Executive Power?
Framers nervousness about Executive
Power
Problems of Legislative dominance and
lack of unifying structures for colonies
1787 Continental Congress
Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists
Views of Executive Power:
*expansive
presidential power: anything that is not specifically someone else’s power is
the presidents
Constitution with Executive ratified;
Bill of Rights in the deal
Comparison of powers of Congress in
Article I vs. Article II
Cycles of
Political Time
·
*Political and economic orders or regimes
·
The political context of those regimes/orders
·
A cycle of regimes that rise and fall
·
Regimes are dominated by the president
Electoral College
*12th amendment and 1800 election
Electoral vote vs. popular vote
problems
Separation of Powers or Shared
Powers?
Definition
of the Modern Presidency
Expectations
Presidential
domination
Models of Presidential Government and
Pre-Modern Presidents
Hamiltonian
Model
*George Washington:
figure head or leader behind the scenes (his view of the presidential role)
*working through
intermediaries/Hamilton’s role
*Jefferson vs.
Hamilton
Madisonian Model
*Adams
*undermined by rival
Hamilton
*absences from New
York capital
*lack of political and
communication skill
Jeffersonian
Model
*Thomas Jefferson in
office
*governing based on
philosophy/ideas
*courting members of
Congress
*Congress as partner
*Madison as a weak
president
*Monroe as a
Jeffersonian president (dislike of parties)
*JQ Adams and the
elections of 1824 and 1828
*Adams and political
skill/public communication
Jacksonian
Model
Jackson’s rhetoric
elites vs. the people
*The president and the people in
Jackson’s view
*Vetoes
Jackson's Theory of the Presidency --
Political competition for power
*Nullification Crisis
*Jackson and the Bank
Abraham Lincoln:
Presidential Dominance under Lincoln
Lincoln, Slavery, and maintaining the
Union
Lincoln as a master politician
Lincoln and the politics of
reconstruction
Post-Lincoln -- Pre-Teddy Roosevelt
Era of Congressional Dominance
Theodore Roosevelt:
The role of the President
Stewardship Theory
Bully Pulpit
FDR:
The Modern Presidency:
1789-1933: First Republic of US?
1933-Present: Second Republic of US?
FDR and the New Deal: A new
philosophy of Government
*The
Depression
*Hoover's ideas about Depression and
his solutions
*FDR's ideas on the Depression
*FDR rhetoric
*Election of 1932
*Hoover vs. FDR on trade
*Critics of FDR
*Public support for dictatorial
presidential powers during depression
*Louis Howe
*FDR experience under Wilson
*Pragmatic philosophy for government
*Brains trust (not the specific
people, but the diversity of the ideas)
*The method of FDR decision making –
competitive)
*Public support for activity from
presidency
Theories of the Governmental Role in
the Economy:
1. Classical Liberalism
2. Modern Liberalism
FDR's New Deal:
1. Government Role in the Economy:
·
*patronage
1.
*WPA
·
*regulatory
policy
1.
*NIRA
2.
*Schecter case
·
*redistributive
policy
1.
*Social
security
2. President's Role:
*Legislator-in-Chief
3. Enlargement of Federal Government
White
House Office
*Executive
Office of the President
"Presidential
Branch"
4. Precedents and Expectations
*100
Days
*Federal
Government as Provider of Services
5. Electoral realignment
The New Deal Coalition (This is very important; we discussed
it twice)
*FDR's leadership and bringing hope
to the US people
*FDR's Character and Life
*Criticism of New Deal
*critics
accusing New Deal of being socialism
Harry Truman and Agenda Setting:
Truman Doctrine:
Setting the post-war foreign policy agenda
22nd
Amendment
Candidate-centered
politics in presidential elections
Eisenhower wanted by both Democrats and Republicans for 1952
Donald
Trump as an example of this
Eisenhower as the Father of
Presidential Management:
Eisenhower's Legacy: Managing the
Federal Government
Organizations are:
Can you get the Federal Government to
operate in a unified manner?
Eisenhower's answer:
Ike's management of the presidency:
1. Delegation
President's
role
Cabinet
Secretaries role
2. Interagency
process--institutionalizing coordination
3. Staff System
Sherman
Adams' role
JFK and Advising
The importance of presidential
advisors
Dual role of Cabinet officers
Three kinds of Cabinet Officers
LBJ:
Essence of Presidential Power:
(Neustadt)
Persuasion/Bargaining
LBJ's political method: Finding out
who wants what and doling out favors
His view of legislation: Bargaining
and negotiation
LBJ on Civil Rights:
Civil
Rights Act 1964
Voting
Rights Act 1965
His persuasion method on Civil
Rights:
Persuasion in a fragmented society:
Timing and Persuasion:
1964 Election
*The Great Society:
NIXON:
*Electoral Realignment
Democrats loss of the South
Impact of 1950s and 1960s changes on
New Deal Coalition
Civil
Rights -- successes and failures
Expansion
of federal power -- Civil Rights and Great Society
Failure
in Vietnam
Division in Democratic Party Over
Civil Rights
Losing
the South
Labor and
urban North
LBJ's challengers in the 1968
election
Nixon's coalition
The
Silent Majority/Quiet Americans
Southern
Strategy
George Wallace
The Southern Presidential vote in
1968 and 1972 vs. previous years
The Administrative Presidency under
Nixon
White House control/management of the
government
Domestic Council
John
Ehrlichman
National Security Council staff
Henry
Kissinger
Chief of Staff H. R. Haldeman
Problems with the Administrative
Presidency
Cabinet
Government?
Isolation
Line
vs. Staff
Their
definition of their responsibilities
Staff
Protecting the President
*Feeding
Nixon's Flaws
*Nixon
and constant crisis atmosphere
*Enemies
List
*Paranoia
Watergate:
Cambodia Bombing and leaks
*Secret investigative unit --
Plumbers
*Their
links to the White House and CREP
*Watergate Burglary of DNC
Headquarters 6/17/72
*Investigations
*Senate
*Grand
Jury
*Special
Prosecutor
*Washington
Post
*The Tapes
*Nixon's position on the tapes
*Saturday Night Massacre
*Elliott Richardson
*Revelations in the Tapes:
*Nixon
part of cover-up
*Abuse
of Power
*Nixon's
claims of innocence
*House Judiciary Committee and
articles of impeachment
*Spiro Agnew
*Gerald Ford
*The Pardon