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Lesson 3

Verbs of existence/verb to be (1)



     In the previous lessons we have seen how the auxiliary verbs or 
     verb-to-be are conjugated. In this lesson we will learn their past 
     forms i.e. was and were. Let us take Ala for the 3rd person as the 
     base form, just for convenience, and do the conjugation for the 
     other pronouns. Today's new word will be  n'ush  = small (for he) 
     and n'ish (for she)

     The present form will be ana n'ush ana = I am small (young). Go back 
     to lesson 1 and you can do for the others too. But back to the past 
     form.

Example 3.1:

      ana n'ush Alko = I was young (small) i.e. at some point in the past
      enti n'ish Alki  = You (f) were young
      enta n'ush Alka = You (m) were young....Note the change in adjective 
                                          for he: n'ish vs n'ush

      nHna ne'aysh Alna = We were young.......  Note ne'aysh is plural to n'ush
      entum ne'aysh Alkum = You (m,p) were young
      entn ne'aysh Alkn    = you (f,p) were young
      hten ne'aysh Aleya  = they (f,p) were young
      htom ne'aysh Alewe  = they (m,p) were young

Let us now use the same past form with the verb geys = go or to go

Example 3.2:
     ana egeys Alko 	I was going ( this is rather a past continuous )
     enti geysi Alki    You (f) were going
     enta (t)geys Alka 	You (m) were going, the (t) is almost silent
     hta (t)geys Alet   She was going.       "    "  "    "     "
     htu geys  Ala      He was going.
     nHna engeys Alna   We were going.
     entn geysa Alkn    You (f,p) were going.
     entum geyso Alkum  You (m,p) were going.
     hten geysa Aleya   They(f,p) were going
     htom geyso Alewe   They (m,p) were going.

Note: the word n'ush could mean both small and young
          e.g welet n'ish  a young girl
              biet n'ish   a small house
              ktab n'ush   a small book


                        ************************
    Today we have learned the following new words
     
	n'ush  = 	small / young. for masculine subject but single
     	n'esh  = 	small / young  for feminine subject but single
     	n'aysh =	small / young for both (f) and (m) but plural
     	geys   =	go or to go
     	welet  =	girl
     	biet   = 	house
     	ktab   = 	book

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              		End of Lesson 3

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© Omar M. Kekia. All Rights Reserved.
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