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Lesson 30

Some comparisons: Blin, Tgre and Tgringa



In this Lesson we shall see the degree to which some Blin words and verb 
patterns are related to the corresponding Tgre and Tgringa ones. Two 
important comparisn are made. (1) Some pronouns and (2) some verb 
patterns. I intentionally use the capitals of t in writing the words 
Tgre and Tgringa.

30.1 Personal pronouns (See Lessons 1 and 2).

The first person singular, I, has related forms in all three labguages: 
Blin: an
Tgre: ana
Tgringa: ane

Second person singular, you,  is related in Blin and Tgre: 
Second person singular, masculine: you 
Blin: enti
Tgre: enta
Tgringa: nsKa

Second person singular, femine: you
Blin: enti
Tgre: enti
Tgringa: nsKi

The third person is not related in all languages: 
he =  Blin: ni, Tgre: htu, Tgringa: nsu
she = Blin: nri, Tgre: hta, Tgringa: nsa

First person plural: we
Blin: yn, Tgre: Hna, Tgringa: nHna

Second person Plural, you,  has the same form for both genders in Blin 
but has different forms in both Tgre and Tgringa:

Second person plural, masculine: you
Blin: entn, Tgre: entum, Tgringa: nsKatkum

Second person plural, feminine: you
Blin: entn, Tgre: entn, Tgringa: nsKatkn

Third person plural, they, is also the same for both genders in Blin but 
different in Tgre and Tgringa:

Third person plural, masculine: they
Blin: naw, Tgre: htom, Tgringa: nsatom

Third person plural, feminine: they
Blin: naw, Tgre: hten, Tgringa: hten

30. Verb patterns (See Lessons, 1, 2 and 8).
In a single sentence, we can know what the subject and object are with 
out writing the (obejct forms of the pronoun) forms: 
Example: an enkelekun = I love. We can omit the subject, an, and write: 
enkelekun = I love. When there is an object, we can also know from the 
verb what the object is. 
Example. enkelekunki = I love you. The -ka which is attached to the verb 
shows that the one whom (direct object) I love is the second person, 
feminine. These forms are similar in all three  languages, Blin, Tgre 
and Tgringa.

I love you (you, feminine): -ki
Blin:     enkelkunki
Tgre:     efeteki
Tgringa:  efetweki ('fetweki)

I love you (you, masculine): -ka
Blin:     enkelkunka
Tgre:     efeteka
Tgringa:  efetweka ('fetweka)

You love me (you, masculine)
Blin:    enkeldekule
Tgre:    tfeteni
Tgringa: tfetweni

You love me (you, feminine)
Blin: enkeldekule
Tgre: tfetini
Tgringa: tfeweni

In general, the verb-pattern is as follows:

For first person singular (me) the markers of object are shown at the 
end of each verb. he loves me:
Blin:     -le (enkelekule)
Tgre:     -ni (feteni)
tgringa:  -ni (yfetweni)

For second person masculine, you, masculine, as object:the verb ends in 
-ka in all three languages. I love you:
Blin:      -ka (enkelekunka)
Tgre:      -ka (efeteka)
Tgringa:   -ka (efetweka, or 'fetweka)

For second person, singular feminine, you, the object marker is -ki. I 
love you:
Blin:      -ki (enkelekunki)
Tgre:      -ki (efeteka)
Tgringa:   -ki ('fetweka)

For third person singular masculine, him, the markers are different: you 
love him
Blin:      -lu (enkeldekulu)
Tgre:      -yo (tfetyo)
Tgringa:   -wo (tfetwo)

Her: I love her
Blin:    -la (enkelekunla)
Tgre:    -ya (efetiya)
Tgringa: -wa (efetwa, or 'fetwa)

For first person plural (us) the marker is -na.
Blin:      -na (enkelekuna, TeAmbekuna)
Tgre:      -na (tfetyo, ezebTo)
Tgringa:   -na (yfetwena, yharmena)

You (plural, masculine): I love you
Blin.     -kum (enkelekunkum)
Tgre.     -kum (efetekum)
Tgringa:  -kum (efetwekum, or 'fetwekum)

You (plural, feminine): I love you
Blin.      -kum (enkelunkum)
Tgre.      -kn (efetekn)
Tgringa:   -knm (efetwekn, or 'fetwekn)

Them (masculine): I love them
Blin:     -lom (enkelekunlom)
Tgre:     -om (efetyom) 
Tgringa:  -om (efetwom,  or 'fetwom)
..........
NB: This is the last lesson: Some two or three songs will follow before the end of June. Thank you. ........

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