Glitch Management for Internet Instruction

This article was originally published in Internet Trend Watch for Libraries, November, 1997.

“Glitch Management for Internet Instruction” Internet Trend Watch for Libraries, November, 1997
             http://www.itwfl.com/glitch.html.

Glitch Management for Internet Instruction

What Is A Glitch? Call it the universal curse of those who teach, sell, or do
public speaking with technology. A "glitch" can most easily be defined as a
technical failure. In its most primitive form, a glitch might mean having your last
piece of chalk crumble into nothingness as you write on a chalkboard at the
beginning of a class session. For Internet instructors, glitches usually mean a
failure of their computers, their projection equipment, or even an external failure
of the Internet itself. More importantly though, a glitch can mean the difference
between a successful workshop and a nightmare that cannot end soon enough..
...for the instructor or the audience!

Fortunately, many Internet teaching glitches are foreseeable and , though not
preventable, they can be quickly recovered from, allowing the instruction session
to be successful.

     "The difference between experts and novices is not necessarily their skill,
      but in their flexibility:  experts expect problems and adapt, while novices crash and    burn.....
     You want the audience on your side, rooting for you and not the technology....
     Tell them the workshop's subtitle is..'Technical Difficulties'"
          --Lee Jaffe, University of California, Santa Cruz.

In 1993 and again in 1995, the author posted an inquiry on a half-dozen Internet
discussion groups for computing, media, and teaching professionals asking for
their advice in preventing or managing technical glitches. Over one hundred
answers were received, some containing sage advice, others recounting glitch
horror stories that, when posted on these discussion groups, brought echoes
of recognition from other mailing list members.

Examples of some of the comments received, included these:

     "If 30 people have invited you into their lives for an hour to teach them
     something, you cannot say 'sorry, the computer isn't working'."
          -- Sandy Campbell, University of Alberta.

     " I have an overhead projection slide which I keep with me for glitch
      occasions. It reads:
 
     MURPHY'S LAWS OF MEDIA
     If anything can go wrong it will
     Equipment knows when you're nervous
     No two plugs are compatible
     Slides are always upside down
     Computer files are always incompatible
     If it worked yesterday, it won't work today
     --that's progress."
          --Ian Hart, University of Hong Kong
 
As the technology of instruction grows more sophisticated, preventing and
managing glitches requires that Internet instructors keep up. Nonetheless, some
universal rules still apply.....

1..  Always Have A Plan B
 
     "Start every demo by promising something will go wrong and teach the
     warning signs (slow responses, failure to connect, etc.) as you spot them.....
     people who mess around with electrons deserve what they get".
          -- Julius Ariail, Georgia Southern University.

One key to successful glitch management is to have a backup plan ready
when technology fails. For Internet connection failures, tools such as Lotus
Screencam or WebWhacker can allow you to capture a World Wide Web session
in advance and play it back for your audience when the Internet itself is
uncooperative. For other computer failures, some use overhead projections
or plan collaborative search tutorial exercises in which students work out search
strategies they might later use when connectivity returns.
 

2. Know your equipment before it's too late!

     "In my almost 20 years of experience 'Operator Error' is the single largest
      cause of classroom and presentation technology failure...this would be my
     advice: 'Know Thy Equipment, and bring extra cords'.
          --Bruce Ritchie, Plymouth State College (Plymouth, New Hampshire).

Though often reputed to be readers, librarians are notorious for NOT reading the
operators' manuals for the computers, projectors, and other equipment they rely
upon every day for teaching. So, be sure to READ THE MANUAL! Most contain
troubleshooters' guides that can be invaluable. Also learn how to change your
projector bulb and learn to always know where your spare bulb is--in many cases
they're in the projector already and a simple flick of the switch can put you back
in business. Learn what those buttons and switches on your equipment are for..but
do so before you need them and your audience's attention is lost for that day.
If your technical failure might also strike your audience members later, make
the failure itself a teaching experience and show your audience how to calmly and
coolly overcome that obstacle.
 

3. Know your technicians on a first name basis

If you're fortunate enough to have technical assistance for your computing or
audiovisual equipment nearby, whether teaching at a "home" library or on the
road, be sure to know who they are and what they can and cannot help you with.
Technical professionals can provide problem-solving expertise that few Internet
teachers themselves have and knowing these people in advance of your emergency
will help you know who to call upon at your moment of need. In cases when
doing a presentation "on the road" and no technicians will be available to you--be
sure to carry your own equipment that you can troubleshoot without assistance.
 

4. Prepare your mind

One of the most painful parts of suffering a glitch while teaching can be its
surprise or shock value, bringing unwanted perspiration and a sense of desperation
that can cloud your thinking of solutions. To avoid such "surprises", learn to think
in terms of "when a glitch happens", rather than "if a glitch happens".

For more detailed results from the author's "glitch management" survey and
highlights of the comments received in that survey, see
               http://saturn.vcu.edu/~dream/glitch.html

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Dan Ream is an Associate Professor and Head of Instruction & Outreach Services
at the Virginia Commonwealth University Library in Richmond, Virginia.
He has presented a video-enhanced "Glitch Management" program at the LOEX
Library Instruction conference and several other conferences. He can be reached
by e-mail at dream@vcu.edu