Greece

lecture 5 - Greece

Bronze Age - c. 3000 BC

1500 BC - Mainland Dominance
1400 BC - Achaean Dominance
1200 - Doric Invasion (perhaps the foundation for the 'Trojan War' of ancient literatue)
post 1200 - spread of Greek culture to Asia Minor

Archaic Period - 8th - 5th Cent BC
Mycenaean influences, such as this light-hearted Bell Shaped Doll Figure in terra-cotta
c. 8th cent. BC - bronze warrior sculpture (from the Acropolis)
776 - 1rst Olympiad
c. 600 BC - Kourous (72" in.) and Kore figures - tributes to the dead - Egyptian influence
600 - 650 - replacement of monarchies replaced with oligarchies
650 - 500 - wealthy commoners & tyrants overthrow artistocrats
683 - Athens - nobles abolished kingship
621 - Draco - 'Athenian Law'

Classical Period - 5th - 4th Cent. BC
525 BC - relief sculpture of wrestlers
510 - Democracy in Athens
fragment of Greek sculpture, 490 BC - typical, since most complete examples are Roman copies
480 - Persian Wars / Victory at Thermopylae / Athenian naval victory decisive
478 - Delian League (dominated by Athens) / Pericles, Stateman of Athens- 460
Myron's Discus Thrower (Roman Copy); orig. 450 BC. From same year, Warrior (sculpture in the 'round')
Parthenon rebuilt - 448-432
Peloponnesian Wars - disunity among the city states of the peninsula - war from 431-404
359 - Phillip II of Macedonia - by 338 his kingdom dominates Greece

Hellentistic Period
336 - Alexander the Great inherits throne - war with Persia successful
(many portraits of importrant people were exectuted posthumously; such as this one of Alexander, c. 4th or 3rd cent.)
by time of his death in 323, vast empire also includes Egypt, parts of India
Hellenistic - includes 'genre' scenes & commoners, such as this sculpture of a Drunken or Beggar Woman, 2nd cent BC

The Hellenistic period is generally the time of Alexander through the time of his successors until the time of the Roman Period, which was finalized in 146 BC. Some consider this early Roman period Hellenistic, too, since most of the sculptors were still Greek. This period also specialized in full sculptural figures in motion.