COMMUNES AND COMMITMENT |
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ROSABETH KANTER'S THEORY OF COMMITMENT INSTRUMENTAL COMMITMENT Sacrifice Mechanism
Celibacy
Property signed over at admission Group assigned property received while member Irreversibility of investment
Defectors not reimbursed for property or labor
Renunciation Mechanism
Institutional completeness Special term for outsiders Outside conceived as evil and wicked Uniform worn Foreign language spoken, slang used Outside news ignored Patriotic holidays ignored
Rules for interaction with visitors
Renunciation of family Parent-child separation Families do not share homes
Similar economic and educational status Common ethnic background Prior acquaintance of members
Land, buildings, furniture owned by community Personal effects, clothes owned by community Legal title in community name Communal labor No compensation for labor No charge for community services No skills required for admission Job rotation Communal work efforts Regularized group contact Communal dwelling Community dining hall Little opportunity for privacy Regular group meetings
Mortification Mechanism
Mutual surveillance Sanctions Public denouncement of deviants Removal of privilege of membership Participation in community functions prohibited
Formally structured deference on those of higher moral status No skill or intelligence distinctions Instruction in community doctrines Learning or rules and dictates required New members segregated Formal probationary period with limited privileges
Communal dwelling, dining
Ideology a complete, elaborated philosophy Power invested in persons with special powers Demands ligitimated by reference to a higher principle Special magical powers imputed to members Possession of special powers is evidence of good standing Values form ultimate justification for decisions
No impeachment or recall privileges Special leadership prerogatives and immunities Separate residence for leaders Special forms of address for leaders Irrational basis for decisions Personal conduct rules
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